Turbine-nozzle.



B. fiBBRLE-E.

TURBINE NOZZLE.

APPLICATION FILED 311F123, 1912.

Patented Sept. 29, 1914.

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UNITED STATES PATENT curios ERICK UBERLEE, OF GRUNEWALD, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TURBINE-NOZZLE.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ERICH UBERLE'E, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at Grunewald, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Nozzles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to elastic-fluid turbines, and its object-.is to provide an improved expanding nozzle for directing the fluid against the buckets on the rotor of such a turbine. A certain disadvantage of ordinary expanding nozzles is the fact that they have. the correct ratio of expansion only for a certain counter-pressure, so that at pressures above or below this particular one, steam losses occur. By my invention, I permit the steam to expand in the proper man.

ner at any pressure, and I accomplish this result by omitting the upper and lower boundary walls of the nozzle, or by cutting back by a suitable amount either one or both of these walls from or just beyond the point at which the expansion of the steam begins, up to the exit opening. This does not dispense with the guidance of the steam by means of the side walls, which cause the steam to flow into thebuckets at the correct angle. These side boundary walls may be or may not be parallel from that point at which the expansion of the steam begins. In the former case, the resulting construction is quite simple, so that ordinary sheet metal buckets may be used. In the latter case, the side walls diverge toward the exit only far enough to lead the steam at the desired minimum expansion and counterpressure. This limitation of the width of the nozzle in the peripheral direction permits the use of the largest possible number of nozzles on a certain wheel periphery con sistent with the continuous and satisfactory directing of the steam. Instead of omitting both the upper and the lower wall at the end of the nozzle, I may omit one of them only, and then the expansion of the steam is effected toward the open side of the nozzle at a greater ratio of expansion; or, one or both of these nozzle walls may be caused to retreat so far that the steam may expand freely to the maximum amount desired without being hindered by these walls.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 Specification of Letters Patent.

Application. filed September 23, 1912.

Patented SePt- 29, 1914. se ming. 721,979.

is. a sectional view of a plurality of nozzles whose side walls are parallel; Fig. 2 is a similar view of nozzles Whose side walls diverge Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44, F g. 2; and F igs. 5, 6v and, 7 are sectional views similar to Figs. 3 and 4 showing modified forms of the invention.

The side walls 1 of the nozzles are carried through to the ends thereof. They are either parallel to each other, as shown in Fig. 1, or else diverge somewhat at the exit end of the nozzle, as shown in Fig. 2. The

upper and the lower walls 2, 3 terminate at some distance back from the ends of the side walls, as shown by the sections Figs. 3 and 4. From these figures, also, it will be seen that the portions ofthe side walls which extend beyond the upper and lower walls are wider than the throat 4 of the nozzle to insure for the steam an easy passage, even with a large ratio of expansion and small counterpressure. When the side walls diverge, as shown in Fig. 2, then the upper and lower walls may converge towardtheir outer ends, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

Fig. 6 shows the lower wall 3 continued to the end of the nozzle, while the upper wall 2 stops short thereof; and Fig. 7 shows both upper and lower walls carried to the end of the nozzle, but diverging at 5 to aflord ample space for the steam to expand.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the a paratus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means. I

'What I claim as new and d'esire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

1. A steam turbine nozzle for varying counter-pressure, having only its side walls extending to the outer end thereof.

2. A steam turbine nozzle for varying counter-pressure, having its side walls extendingto its outer end, and another wall terminating substantially at the narrowest point in said nozzle and so absent at its outer end.

3. A steam turbine nozzle having its side walls extending to its outer end and its upper and lower walls terminating at some distance back from the outer end of said nozzle and so absent from'such point its outer end.

4. A steam turbine nozzle having its side walls extending to'its outer end and slightly diverging and its upper and lower walls terminating at some distance back from the outer end of said nozzle and so absent from such point to the outer end thereof.

5. A steam turbine nozzle having its side walls extending to its outer end, and its upper and lower Walls ofi'ering no obstruction 3 to the free expansion of the steam beyond the narrowest point of said nozzle and so in 

